Evaporator



0I/from the closed vessel.

f Panarea June 17, 1924.

UNITED STATES PATENT AoF-EICE. v

EvI w. CImIsTIE, or SEWAEEN, NEW JERSEY; AssIGNoE To WHEEEE CoNDENsEE a ENGINEERING COMPANY, or CAETEEET, NEW JERSEY, A CORPORATION or 'NEW EVAPOBATOR.

Application led December 19, '1921. Serial No. 523,273.

To all whom t may c onem:

Be it known that I, Evi W. CHR1s'11E, a citizen of the United-States, residing 1n Sewaren, in the county' 4of'Middlesex' and have heretofore become acquainted, it hasbeen necessary, at least at predetermined intervals, to interrupt the operation -of the evaporator for the purpose of cleaning the scale from the heating surface.

The object of my invention is to overcome this difficulty, and in so doing I propose to`4 employ an evaporating apparatus consisting` of one or more evaporators which may be of any desired type, and a closed vessel orreceptacle to which the raw water or otheruidftobe evaporated is fed and Y so to which steamfoi` the purpose of evaporating the raw water is blown-directlyiinto Nmmthisclosed vessel; and to the drawn off from the evaporator, while the vapors from the closed vessel are carried to the evaporator in the usual manner and are condensedby the liquid which is conveyed to the evaporator, as hereinbefore stated. It will be apparent, therefore, that4 ,1n carrying out the invention the evaporator apparatus maybe used continuously because of the absence of scale accumula-- tions on the heating surface thereof which are prevented by the removal of the greater portion, at least, of the scale forming materials from vthe liquid before the same is conveyed to the evaporator and the heating surface of the evaporator maintained in an ciciently clean condition by merely drawing off the slime which may exist in the liquid after the same has been conveyed to the evaporator.

In the drawing:

Fig. 1 represents diagrammatically au evaporator apparatus comprising my present invention and in which a single evaporator is employed, and 'A Fig. 2 is a similar view showing the form the invention may take in va. two" stage evaporator apparatus. l

Referring to the drawing, and particularly to Fig. 1in carrying out the., invention I employ an eva orator,"the body portion of whichA is indicated at 10. As is customer this body portion of the evapoa5 closed vessel or receptacle there is also ad- 35 mitted and addeda reagent of any naturein any .desired manner.

the base 12 there is a well 1.3/ha vinga -drainnYJ Y which willfprecipitate the impurities In the wateor liquid torba-eva/porated s'o that these impurities as precipitated, or at predeterminedintervals,` may. bev withdrawn Furthermore, the proportion of .the raw water ito the steam admitted to the closed vessel per unit -of time is suchas to raise the water to the boiling point so that the pressure in they closed vessel is substantially atmospheric and there is no accumulation of heat in theclosed vessel, any excess heat that there may be being utilized for blowing down'lthe sludge. i The liquid in the closed vessel, after-the impurities are thus precipitated therefrom, is conveyed to the evaporator and any impurities that may bestill left in the liquid are only in the natureof a slime and as such. may be suitably/connected thereto and supported Extending from cockor valver-ll fitted at the extremity 9o thereof. The interior of the evaporator communicates, by way of a pipe l5, with the interior of a surface condenser 16. As is customary, this surface condenser is mounty ed on a circulating pump 17 and an air or 95 vacuum pump 18, these pumps being operated by steam or otherwise as is also customary. The lsuction to the circulating ump is indicated at 19 and the discharge t verefrom vat 20. The suction of the air pump isconnected to the interior of the condenser, while the dischar e from the air pump is connected by a pipe 21 to a well or tank 22. Diseharging into this tank 22 is also a pipe 23 by which the condensate from the 105 evaporator escapes to the tank.

Associated .the evaporator, li employ I [a vclosed vesselivvhich" is diagrammatically l, to the condenser" and' a pipe 27 for this purindicated at 24; 'l'.his vesseloperates as an auxiliary evaporatenv or tank.r .Connected to the vessel 24 is a pipe 25 'for the admission 'of steam to the vessel, 'and alsoleading into the-vessel 24 is a pipe v26 for the admission of Aa reagent thereto. As indicated in the dravving,the Water to be distilled or evaporated is ,taken from the circulating supply pose is connected .at Jone end adjacent the circulatmg discharge of the condenser and at the other end is carried into the vessel 24.

'The interior of the vessel 24 communicates Avvith the interior of the evaporator by a pipe 28 in which lthere isA tted a valve 29. rEhe interior of the vessel 24 also communicates with the interior of the 'con ofthe pi fe-29 to thecondensmgspace 3l in the bo y of the evaporator. ln this ap- 1 Ip aratns the raw Water to` be evaporated 'or distilled in predetermined quantities is taken fromv the circulating supply and fed i 24`intolwhicha predetermined quantity of steam :per runit ofvvater is' also admittedi f through -the pipe 25,.'vvhile through the pipe '26,there isfadmitted tothe closed vessel 24 f a predetermined quantity ofthe necessary reagent. 'lhe ratio between 'the steam and the water thus admitted per unit of time -is sumcient to raise the Watergto the boiling point and to maintain a-substantially atmospheric pressure in the' closed vessel, while thereagent admitted isA of the necessary na-` ture and quantity to precipitate the impurities in the raw lvvater or vother liquid,

'theprecipitate being drawn oat predetermined intervals through a drain pipe 25",

1 j the controlof the How through which is regulated by aglalm cock 26', The.

vacuumcifeatedin the condehser'by the operation of the air pump extends,ofcourse,'

tothe interior' of the evaporator and the Water Wdrliprid'sin -rthe closed vessel, after thek im uritie'sf/have been precipitated thereu y 1;from, 1s conveyed by ,thev pipe 28 tothe a 55,5

interior .of the evaporator, whlle the Vvapors '.from theliquid in the closed vessel'are "carried by the. pipe` 29' to the condensing chamber infthe evaporator Where .these yvapors, arev condensed by the e liquid as con-l tamedinthe evaporator 'and the condensate l Acondensed,l and together with the non-condensable vapors are delivered byvvay of the air pump 18. and pipe 21 to the tank 22. 'lhe condition of the Water or other liquid `after reaching the evaporator is such that any impurities which may still remain in the same arein the form of a slime which settles' to the Well 13 at the base of the evaporator u and may be Withdrawn therefromby vvay of the valve. or cock 14 so that the formation of scale on the heating surface of the evaporator is practically eliminated making it unnecessary to interrupt the operation of the evaporator for the removal of the scale. lt is furthermore to be noted that the ratio-between the Water and steam supply to the closed vessel is such that there is no excess heat developed except that which may be employed as a means of blowing down the lludge, so that there is no accumulation of eat.

Referring to Fig. 2 of. the drawing, l have illustrated the application of the invention to a multiplicity of evaporators in which, as shown, tvvo evaporators areutilr ized. One of these evaporators is indicated at 32 and the other atl 33. rlhe evaporator v32 is provided with a Well' 34 and discharge and theinterior of the evaporator T33 communicates with theinterior of the surface condenser by Way ot a pipe 39. ln this type -of apparatus the pumpsv include an addi- MTS tional or auxiliary air pump 40, the .suction of which is connected by a pipe 41 With the condensing chamber of Athe evaporator 33, while the discharge from the auxiliary air pump 40 is connected by a pipe 42 to the tank 22.. Discharging into this Ytanlgw22 ice there is also a pipe 43 from the condensiifg" chamber ofthe evaporator 32. The interior of the evaporator 32 communicates with the interior o the eva orator 33 .byway of a pipe .744,.in Whilrt erieistitted a valve or cock 45. lln this structurlthciosedslessel is indicated at 46. rlhe closed vessel is litted Witha pipe connection 47 for the admission of the ragentrand a pipe connecticn 48 for the admission of theteam, While at the base ofthe closed vessel- 46therefisakdischarge connection tittedwith a valve 49. Them-- terior of the closedvvesselj46 `beneaththe liglevel therein communicates with the interiorvofthe evaporat'or32 by means of a pipe 5 0 in `which there is tted a'valverl, While the.11pper`fportion.o`f the interior of the closed vessel 46 or the vapor chamber thereof communicates lWith -the condensing chamber ofthe evaporator 32 by means of a piei 52. y'llhe operation of the apparatus 1n `vv 'ch tvvo 'ormoreevaporators are emgra ployed is similar in all respects to that hereinbefore described in connection with the form of invention shown in Fig. l in which there vis but a single evaporator, it being understood, of course, that the ratio between the water and steam admitted to the closed vessel will vary with the number of evaporators employedl as well as other 'operating Y conditions.

I claim as my invention: 1. An evaporating apparatusincluding an evaporator having, a vapor chamber and a condenser chamber, a closed vvessel having a unitary compartment, vmeans for admitting 'a liquid, a quantity of steam and a reagent to' the unitary compartment of the said closed vessel thereby permitting the 'said liquid, steam and reagent to comingle therein toprecipitate the impurities Ain the liquid, means for conveying .the purified liquid from the said closed vessel to the v evaporator compartment lof the evaporator,

and .means for conveying the vapors-from the said closed vessel to the vapor comparu ment of the said evaporator.

2. An evaporating apparatus including an evaporator 'having a liquid compartment and a vapor compartment, a closed vessel having a unitary. compartment, means for evaporator having a liquid compartment precipitate the foreign matter in the liquid,

and a vapor compartment therein, a closed vessel having a unitary compartment therein, means for conveying a liquid to be evaporated to the compartment in the closed vvessel, means vfor conveying steam to the compartment in the closed vessel, means for con.

veying a reagent to the'compartment in the closed vessel wherein the said liquid, steam and lreagent are permitted to comingle to to be evaporated, means for conveying the purified liquid from the compartment in the closed vessel to the liquid compartment in the evaporator, means for conveying the p vapors from the compartment in the closed vessel to .the vapor compartment v)in the evaporator, a condenser, and means for 'conveying l,the vapors from the evaporator'to the condenser.

4. An evaporat-ing apparatus comprising an evaporator, a'surface condenser, means for providing communication between the to th'e condensing chamber of the evapora' tor.

ing chamber of the evaporator.

evaporator and the surface condenser, a closed vessel, means for supplying steam to the closed vessel, means for connecting the discharge of the water circulating end of the condenser to the said closed vessel to con- 7o vey a predetermined quantity of tl1e'circu lating water to the closed vessel to be evaporated, means for admitting a reagent to the closed vessel to precipitate the foreign matter in the water to be evaporated, means for conveying the Water from the closed vessel to the interior of the evaporator, and means for conveying vapors from the closed vessel `5. An evaporating apparatus comprising an evaporator, a surface condenser, means for providing communication between the evaporator and .the surface' condenser, a closed vessel, means for supplying steam to S5 the closed vessel, means for connecting the -dischargef the water circulating end of the condenser to thev saidl closed vessel to convey a. predetermined quantity of@ the circulating water to the closed vessel to -be evaporated, means for admitting a reagent to the closed vessel to precipitate the foreign matter in the Water to be evaporated, a connection for drawing 0E the precipitate from the closed vessel, devices for draining the evaporator, means for conveying the water from the closed vessel to the interior of the evaporator, and means for conve ingl vapors from the closed vessel to the con ens- 6. An evaporating apparatus comprising f a plurality of evaporators, a. condenser, a closed vessel, a connection from one evaporator to the condensing chamber of another evaporator, a connection from an evaporator to the condenser, a connection from the interior of one evaporator to the next evaporator, means for admitting steam to the closed vessel, means forv conveying a portion of the circulating 1water from the dischar e end of 110 the circulating ,system of the con enser to the interior of the said closed vessel, means for admittingy a reagent to the said closed vessel to precipitate the foreign matter from the water supplied thereto, a connectiom from' the interior of the closed lvessel to the interior of the first aforesaid' evaporator, and a connection from the said closed vessel to the condensing chamberof the first aforesaid evaporator.l l 120 7. An evaporating apparatus comprising two' evaporators, a'condenserand a closed vessel,a connectlon between'the first evaporator and lthe condensing chamber of the second evaporator, a connection between the second evaporator and the condenser, a connection between theinterior of the first and second evaporator, a discharge from the con- Y densing' chambers of th'e said evaporators, means for admitting steam to the said closed vessel, a connection from the discharge--end of the circulating system of ,the condenser to' the interior of the said closed vessei for suppiyingja predetermined 'quantity of vvat'er.

15 osei, a connection between the first evaporator and the condensing chamber of the second evaporator, a connection between the vsecond evaporator and the condenser, a connection between the interior. oi the rst and second evaporator, a discharge trono the condensing chambers of the said evaporators, means for admitting steam to the said ciosed vessel, a connection .roin the discharge end of the circulating system of the condenser to the interior of the said closed vessei for supplying a predetermined quantity of vvater thereto to be evaporated, a connection for admitting a reagent to the closed vessei to precipitate the foreign matter in the Watersuppiied thereto, a device forA drawing of .the precipitate from the said. closed vessel, de-

vices for draining the said evaporators "from the iov/er ends thereof, a connection :from thel interioro the said ciosedvessel to the iirst evaporator, and a connection from the said closed vessei to the condensing chamber of the' irst evaporator.

V9. An evaporating apparatus including' anl evaporator having a liquid compartment .and a vaporcornlo'artnient, a 'ciosedA vessel,A

ineans for admitting a liquid-tote evaporated, a heating agent, and a reagent to the unitary compartment or the lclosed vessel permitting .the said iiquid, ltide ,heating agent and the reagent to coiningie in 'the' unitary compartment of the closed vessel to precipitate the impurities inthe said liquid,vv

ineans for conveying the iiquid thus puried from thecompartinent in the closed ves-' sei to the liquid compartment or the evaporater, and means for conveying the vapors from the compartment in the closed vessel to thevaporcompartinentof the evaporator; Signed by nie this 13 day of December, 

